![]() The type of work performed by the authors is divided into sections: experimental, one-dimensional models, light water reactor evaluation software, among others. It presents the main considerations and conclusions of each model. This review shows an overview of the main experimental studies performed in the area, alongside models found in the literature. ![]() It discuss the direct steam generation operational strategy and advantages, and presents a brief introduction to the two-phase flow phenomena. The present work gathers the main studies in the field of linear solar concentration operating at direct steam generation and gives a comprehensive state of the art. The cogeneration scheme for heat can reach an energy replacement of 14% as minimum. Finally, when the biogas heater is disconnected from the plant to consider a case only based in the concentrated solar power plant, the cogeneration scheme for cooling can reach an electricity saving of 4%. For cogeneration of power and heat the energy replacement in the industrial heat process are as minimum 69% depending on the demand and configuration of the plant, and can reach up to 100%. The cooling demand can be supplied totally using an absorption chiller in the cogeneration scheme, reaching electricity energy saving of up to 99%. In the case of cooling, electricity savings are achieved when the cogeneration plant is compared to a conventional vapor-compression system. The results show a benefit in fossil fuels replacement when the cogeneration plant is compared to a conventional plant for production of industrial heat. The cogeneration study considers two different plants, one for power and heat, and other for power and cooling, which were studied in Santiago, Chile. A concentrated solar power cogeneration plant based in parabolic trough technology with a backup system of a biogas heater and a direct steam generation scheme is proposed. Besides, cogeneration is an option to face the demand for energy in terms of electricity, industrial heat or cooling, which is increasing in Chile in recent years. The concentrated solar power technology used in schemes of cogeneration for the production of power and heat, or power and cooling is an interesting option to develop in Chile, mainly due to the high solar potential. Finally, it was found that the integration of a thermal energy storage system and hybridization with a biomass boiler reduce the final cost of electricity to 17.36c€/kW he. Exergy results show that the solar field requires further development in order to reduce associated irreversibilities. ![]() The exergy balance and cost balance equations have been applied to each component of the plant in four different operating modes that take into account the intermittency of the solar source. This paper focuses on the historical and technological development of the direct steam generation concept and the thermoeconomic analysis of a hybrid direct steam generation-biomass power plant equipped with a thermal energy storage system. ![]() Furthermore, the integration of thermal energy storage system and the hybridization of the plant with a biomass boiler permit further cost reduction. Indeed, the use of water instead of thermal oil allows reaching high temperature levels and reducing plant complexity. Direct steam generation in parabolic-trough collectors is considered a promising option for reducing the cost of electricity produced in solar thermal power plants.
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